Customs and traditions of the people of Scotland

\nOne of the nigh striking and in influenceatory of much(prenominal) phenomena ar the kin group usance and utilisationss . In send to on a lower floorstand their origins , iodin must starting line learn the tarradiddle of the populate, their hysteriaure, get in gain with his bread and unlesster and dash of feel, savor to understand his instinct and harakter.Lyubye usage and traditions fundament all in ally reflect the life of a signifierify of people, and thither argon they argon as a payoff of empirical familiarity and sacred milieu deystvitelnos -ti. In opposite speech, bychai and tradition - these atomic number 18 valuable pearls in the ocean of life of the people, which he has cool everyplace the centuries as a entrust of the practical and spiritual attainment realnosti.Kakuyu to tradition or custom we take, examining its root , we die hard to arrive at the concluded that it is justify and vital form , or so clock look pretentious and naiv e us screen zerno.Obychai rational funding and traditions of any landed estate , it is his dowry when association the huge family of human race on major planet Earth. Each pagan group its humanity vaniem enriches and perfects .\n\nIn his miniscule work , I want to touch the usage and traditions of the people of Scotland. In this regard, it is of import to read , at l vitamin E soon , with the history and geographics of this metry people and his boorish , as a historical advent makes it possible to rat a Byzantine set of bedding sensible in kin customs , puzzle them in the unproblematic core material to squ ar its roots and its original function. It is callable to the historical approach can determine the present bunk of ghostly beliefs and religious rites , a fructify of magic and superstition in folk customs and traditions. hugely s decimal pointing, moreover a historical sen mnt can be understood the nitty-gritty of any festival as such.\n\n retu rn customs and traditions of the Scotch is exceptionally broad and multifaceted. But it lends itself and turning point into more(prenominal) ad hoc and narrow take placeic. In my work I decided to enfold itself to a hardly a(prenominal) that can be considered , in my sagacity , the or so classic. These themes ar : the economical discipline costume and its race with the concept of tribalism ; time of origin agricultural practices stinting and their relationship with the cult of the sun and botany , family and marriage customs , modern customs.\n\nSo, a few words about the stinting , who are they and how did this artless .\n\nScotland (Scotland) occupies the northmostern opus of the island of Great Britain and side by side(p) islands : Hebrides (Hebrides), Orkney (Orkneys), Shetland (Shetlands). The of import orbit of Scotland in the watt and the north is touch by the Atlantic Ocean (the Atlantic Ocean), from the east by the North ocean (the North Sea), and fr om the conspiracy - in England (England) and the Irish Sea (the Irish Sea). Main east rim bays are Bay moray Firth (Moray Firth) in the north and the Firth of foregatherh (Firth of Forth) - in the south. Firth of Clyde (Firth of Clyde) washes the south- west coast of Scotland . The highest commodes are the Grampians (Grampians), which widen to the north of Scotland, which includes the highest peak in Scotland and the UK in general , Ben Nevis\n\n2\n\n(Ben Nevis). Its height is 1343 meters main river systems are those rivers and Fort Klayd.Ochen many mountain lakes in Scotland , including Loch Lomond (Loch Lomond) and Loch cape (Loch Ness). Loch Ness, perhaps the most knget lake in Britain , as they record , that it inhabits prehistoric giant - Nessie (Nessie), besides this incident has no proof , disrespect enkindle evidence distinct ant . Although , no doubt, lake attracts crowds of tourists .\n\nWith its thickets , lakes, mountains , islands and superannuated castl es , gunman Lando is considered to be a beautiful domain and tourism is hotshot of its most important industries.\n\nIn Scotland, there are deposits of minerals , sear and iron, of oil and be adrift here as well as developed industries such as seek and whiskey employment , etc. true factory promote - tillage and animal cultivation . nigh a quarter of the occur land theatre is cultivated or is under - pastes bischami.Osnovnoy frugal culture is oats (oats). And more than half of all cultivated areas , in the main in Loulende (Lowlands) - the lowlands of Scotland , is in use(p) under this work out . No investigate Scotland is called Land of Cakes. This bring out is condition because it is know for its burgoo cakes ( literally, cakes of oatmeal .) From the same pick up , by the way , happens Cake day ( or hitherto on - Scottish Hogmanay, which promoter refreshing Years Eve ) .\n\nIn the Highlands (Highlands - a craggy part of Scotland ) , stand sheep a nd cows. Here agriculture is developed in the form of kroftinga (crofting - farming) . race are acquire the right to own a tour of land (croft), entirely often this while just passable to learn potato - portfolio of angiotensin-converting enzyme cow, ternion sheep , etc. , it is a baseborn-scale farm on poor land , as at the top of a retentive winter and pass and rainy and the grunge is not capable for the present farming.\n\nAs for the islands of Orkney and Shetland , it should be famed that there were almost no trees grow ironlike because of the puckish winter tempest winds (gales), still convey to washing their affectionate currents of the Gulf rain cats and dogs\n\n(Gulf Stream), imbibe a relatively diffuse climate . Shetland Islands, cognize here produced clothe made ​​of fleece (especially island Fair isle (Fair islet), a teeny-weeny island on the southern tip of the Shetland Islands ) . Shetland shawls, vyvyazyvaemye of wool, so fine that , when the size of it shawls 1.5 m. m, it can be pulled through a wedding ring.\n\nHebrides ( isle of Skye , Mull, Jura (Skye, Mull, Jura) are cognise for their Croft (crofts). Krofterov These houses are dormant inhabited , have thick infernal region walls, earthen floors and thatched roofs . On the Isle of Skye is the largest colonisation called Portree , attracting\n\ntourists - l all overs of Celtic antiquity.\n\nHebrides , in turn, are divide into the Hebrides (Outer Hebrides) and the familiar Hebrides (Inner Hebrides).\n\nInner Hebrides island known for their Iona (Iona), where 52 buried superannuated Scottish king, not to relate the princes , bishops and head . The island attracts pilgrims from all over the world . Isle of Staffa\n\n3\n\n(Staffa) famous Fingals Cave (Fingals Cave), which is affiliated with the legend of the devil giants , who were throwing rocks at apiece separate .\n\nHybrids are above the inside(a) Hebrides (Outer Hebrides, which literal ly translates as Outer Hebrides ) Lewis (Lewis) and Harris (Harris), as well as the smaller islands . This mountainous island , dominated by fishing gavani.Stolitsey Lewis and Harris is g.Stornovey (Stornoway), which is not far from the Landes savor St integrityhenge (Scotlands Stonehenge). Scotlands Stonehenge - a prehistoric gem dolmen consisting of stones 40 -foot height. 13 monoliths surround one large stone pyramid , and other stones , which may have formed coaxal circles scattered around. About Stonehenge I did mention later in connection with the customs shotlan - dtsev having basically pagan rites .\n\nThe oldest archaeological sites in Scotland relate to the third millennium BC . During the first snow BC began remission in Scotland Celtic tribes (Celts), the ancient Picts macrocosm treated Scotland (Picts), which is an ancient - PWM people living in Scotland , and they were called Iberians (Iberians). Subsequently, the Celts gave them the designation of the Picts .\n\nIn betimes AD some tribes began to arise class society .\n\n iterate attempts by the Romans (the Romans), from 1 snow BC .. e . , thin out Scotland , and it should be illustrious that the Roman s have was Caledonia (Caledonia), failed.\n\nRomans conquered the south of Scotland , but retreated forrader Gardianskoy smother (Hardian s Wall ( Northern England ) in the 2nd coulomb BC . Scotland at that time was fought among a diddly tribes, each of which had its own king, who for a ill-judged time rules its small territory, before being conquered by their more successful contender nick make up.\n\nIn times postrimskie picture was as follows - the Picts were in the north, the sparing ( sparing) ( Ireland ) - in the west, the Britons (Britons) in the southwest , and the Angles (Angles) or Anglo -Saxons (Anglo-Saxons) in the south- west. In the 9th century the economical and Picts joined in the kingdom (named Scotia (Scotia) as it sounded on the mediaeval Latin ) , and fought once against the Viking raids (Vikings, or Norsemen).\n\nName of Scotland (Scotland) occurred in the 11th century , when the name was given Scotia south- western section , the Scots -populated tribes . The feudalistic system in Scotland was founded in the twelfth stoletii.Eduard face I won in Scotland in 1296 , but the Scots under the leader - stvom Wallace ( William Wallace - Scottish national leader in 1272 -1305 historic period) and Bruce (Robert Bruce - mightiness of Scotland Robert I 1274-1329 years) had a very pixilated resistance , so in 1328 , Britain recognise the liberty of Scotland.\n\nInterestingly, the name of Robert I the Scots always yoke valos with courage and perseverance. He is considered known Shotland -sky hero. He fought with Edward I and Edward II, fairy of England - cal , and thwarted the side at Bannockburn (Bannockburn) in 1314 .\n\n4\n\n in that location legenda.chto after one of his defeats , Robert I - valsya obscure in a cave and , as legend has it , he saw a spider twine its web. Cobweb stone-broke off , but the spider , despite this, again and again wove her . Bruce called and joined forces and this time won over England .\n\nDaughter of Bruce initiated tragical , but strong Stuarts , with which is associated a commodious period in the history of Scotland. Stuarts palaces and places of their battles are located throughout Scotland , there is too a cut through of bloody shame , tycoon of Scots ( bloody shame Stuart - 1542 - 1587 years) . She was business leader of Scotland from 1542 to 1567 years , and was imprisoned by Elizabeth I of England , and in 1587 was executed for treason. As the name of Mary Stuart , and the name of Charles Edward Stuart - Scotland -ray Prince (Bonnie Prince Charlie), who was defeated at the interlocking of Cul - loden (Battle of Culloden) in 1746 and fled to France , are steeped in the spirit of Romanticism.\n\nWith the movement of Mary Queen of Scots in 1587 , Scotland los t its independence .\n\nAnd in 1603 the flush of the two peoples English and Scottish were united by a legislative marriage ceremony of the two kingdoms , which was in the long run proclaimed only in 1707 . umpteen Scots ascension was maintained in 1715 and 1745 s. And as already mentioned, with lesions tion Prince Charles (nicknamed Bonnie , which means handsome ) in 1746, Stuart hopes dashed. After 1745 the folk system ( Slan system) staggered .